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DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a system in which the IP addresses of hosts (network interfaces) are assigned dynamically by a server. The server is called DHCP server and the IP addresses it assigns are dyanamic. Hence, a DHCP-assigned IP is also a dynamic IP.
In a DHCP environment, a host does not have an IP. When it powers up, its DHCP client will contact the DHCP server to obtain an IP valid for a pre-determined duration (lease). If it powers down and up again before the lease expires, it is up the DHCP server to allow continuation of the lease or issue another one.
The primary aim of DHCP is to distribute a limited number of IP addresses among a group of users who are not always on-line, such as subscribers of internet service. Since there are not enough IP addresses in the current IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) system for all internet users, DHCP is the norm rather than exception.
Why is DHCP used in local area network (LAN)?
There are sufficient IP addresses in the private IP range to go round, of course, However, in a local network, such as one with Windows-based machines, where users have access to network configuration, the system administrator will find it difficult to cope with service calls to correct IP-related problems. DHCP is therefore deployed.
Should DHCP be used in home network?
Generally, yes. This is especially so if you do not want to bother with assignment of IP addresses. However, it is advisable to assign static private IP [Linux guide] [Windows guide] to a server especially when your network devices are not backed by emergency power supply.
So where is this thing called DHCP server?
A DHCP server typically resides in a router (refer to Network Devices) but may also stand on its own. DHCP server is built into most, if not all, routers used in home networks. Most Linux distributions come with a DHCP server.
Should I install a Linux DHCP server?
It may not be useful. You can use static IP if you do not have a router with a DHCP server.
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